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Odontoestomatol ; 19(29): 52-60, junio 2017.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-848387

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Comparar las condiciones de salud bucal de niños en relación con aspectos socio-demográficos-culturales maternos y perinatales. MÉTODOS: Se realizó examen clínico odontológico a 92 niños ≤3 años, concurrentes a la Clínica Odontológica de la Facultad de Odontología, UNC Córdoba-Argentina (n=32) y a la Clínica del Bebé, Facultad Odontología, UFRG Porto Alegre-Brasil (n=60). Las madres dieron consentimiento informado por escrito. Se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada diseñada ad-hoc, a las madres o acompañantes del niño, para indagar aspectos socio-demográficos-culturales, hábitos de higiene bucal, gestación, dieta, tipo de parto y lactancia. Se aplicó Chi2 de Pearson y Fisher para evaluar la significación (p<0,05) de las diferencias entre cohortes. La importancia de diversos factores en relación a experiencia de caries y cohorte, se evaluó aplicando regresión logística binaria. RESULTADOS: El motivo de consulta resultó significativamente diferente entre cohortes, 100% preventivo en Argentina frente 8,3% en Brasil (p<0,001), igualmente al considerar la experiencia de caries (p<0,05). El modelo de regresión logística binaria mostró que las variables cohorte y libre de caries resultaron los factores más significativamente asociados a la experiencia de caries. Nivel de estudios de la madre bajo, dieta cariogénica del bebé y tipo de parto indicaron mayor riesgo cariogénico. Respecto a las cohortes se destacaron como estadísticamente significativos, higiene, edad, dieta del bebé y tipo de parto. CONCLUSIÓN: El nivel de instrucción de la madre y la dieta cariogénica del bebé muestran mayor riesgo de actividad de caries para ambas cohortes. Higiene bucal, dieta del bebé y tipo de parto se diferencian significativamente entre las cohortes


Objective: To compare the oral health condition of children in relation to social, demographic and cultural maternal and perinatal aspects. Methods: Dental clinical examinations were performed on 92 children aged ≤3. They attended the Dental Clinic of the School of Dentistry, UNC Córdoba, Argentina (n=32), and the Infant Clinic, School of Dentistry, UFRG Porto Alegre-Brazil (n=60). The mothers signed a written informed consent. A semi-structured interview designed ad hoc was conducted with mothers or companions of the child to consider social, demographic and cultural aspects, oral hygiene habits, gestation, diet and type of delivery and lactation. Pearson-Fisher Chi2 test was applied to evaluate the significance (p <0.05) differences between cohorts. The importance of various factors in relation to caries experience and cohort was evaluated using binary logistic regression. Results: The reason why patients seek consultation was significantly different between cohorts: 100% preventive in Argentina versus 8.3% in Brazil (p <0.001), also considering caries experience (p <0.05). The binary logistic regression model showed that cohort and caries-free variables were the factors most significantly associated with caries experience. Mother's low educational level, cariogenic diet in the baby and type of delivery indicate greater cariogenic risk. Regarding cohorts, the following factors appear as statistically significant: hygiene, age, baby's diet and type of delivery. Conclusion: Mothers' educational level and the baby's cariogenic diet show increased risk of caries activity for both cohorts. Oral hygiene, baby's diet and type of delivery differ significantly between cohorts.


Assuntos
Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Higiene Bucal/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Pré-Escolar , Saúde Bucal/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores Culturais , Argentina , Brasil
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